Table of Contents:

I. ENERGY AND MASS.

• 1. Composition and Structure of the Atmosphere.

• 2. Solar Radiation and the Seasons.

• 3. Energy Balance and Temperature.

• 4. Atmospheric Pressure and Wind.

II. WATER IN THE ATMOSPHERE.

• 5. Atmospheric Moisture.

• 6. Cloud Development and Forms.

• 7. Precipitation Processes.

III. DISTRIBUTION AND MOVEMENT OF AIR.

• 8. Atmospheric Circulation and Pressure Distributions.

• 9. Air Masses and Fronts.

IV. DISTURBANCES.

• 10. Mid-Latitude Cyclones.

• 11. Lightning, Thunder, and Tornadoes.

• 12. Tropical Storms and Hurricanes.

V. HUMAN ACTIVITIES AND SPECIAL TOPICS.

• 13. Weather Forecasting and Analysis.

• 14. Human Effects: Air Pollution and Heat Islands.

VI. CURRENT, PAST AND FUTURE CLIMATES.

• 15. Earth's Climates.

• 16. Climate Changes: Past and Future.

VII. SPECIAL TOPICS AND APPENDICES.

• 17. Atmospheric Optics.